What is Periodontal Disease?

At Implant & Perio Center of Kansas in Wichita, Dr. Marq J. Sams and his team specialize in treating and preventing periodontal disease, also known as gum disease. This condition can have a significant impact on your oral health and overall well-being. Understanding what periodontal disease is and how it progresses is essential to keeping your smile healthy for life.

Understanding Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease is an infection of the tissues that support your teeth. It occurs when bacteria in the mouth accumulate on the teeth and gums, forming plaque. If plaque isn’t removed through proper oral hygiene, it hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional. Over time, this leads to inflammation and damage to the gums and supporting structures, including the bones that hold your teeth in place.

Periodontal disease is typically classified into two stages:

• Gingivitis: The early stage of gum disease, gingivitis is characterized by inflammation of the gums. At this stage, the damage is still reversible with professional treatment and improved oral hygiene.
• Periodontitis: If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more advanced form of gum disease. At this stage, the infection begins to destroy the tissues and bone supporting the teeth, leading to tooth loss if not properly managed.

Causes of Periodontal Disease

The primary cause of periodontal disease is bacterial plaque. When bacteria accumulate in the mouth, they form a sticky film on the teeth that irritates the gums. While poor oral hygiene is the most common cause, several other factors can contribute to the development and progression of gum disease, including:

• Smoking: Tobacco use is a major risk factor for periodontal disease. It weakens the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections, including gum disease.
• Genetics: Some individuals are genetically predisposed to developing periodontal disease, even if they maintain good oral hygiene.
• Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations in hormones, such as those during pregnancy or menopause, can make gums more sensitive and susceptible to infection.
• Medications: Certain medications, like those that reduce saliva flow, can increase the risk of periodontal disease.
• Medical Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and immune disorders can increase the risk of developing gum disease.

Symptoms of Periodontal Disease

Recognizing the symptoms of periodontal disease early is crucial for successful treatment. In its early stages, periodontal disease may not cause noticeable pain, making it important to pay attention to the following signs:

• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Bleeding while brushing or flossing
• Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
• Receding gums that make the teeth appear longer
• Loose teeth
• Pain when chewing

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to seek treatment from a periodontist like Dr. Sams at Implant & Perio Center of Kansas as soon as possible. Early intervention can prevent the progression of the disease and protect your oral health.

Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease

Certain risk factors can increase your likelihood of developing periodontal disease. While anyone can develop gum disease, understanding the common risk factors can help you take proactive steps to prevent it:

• Age: Older adults are more likely to develop periodontal disease due to natural wear and tear on the gums and teeth over time.
• Smoking or Tobacco Use: As mentioned earlier, smoking is a leading cause of gum disease. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce your risk.
• Poor Oral Hygiene: Infrequent brushing and flossing can lead to the buildup of plaque and tartar, increasing the risk of gum disease.
• Stress: Stress can weaken the immune system, making it harder for your body to fight infections, including gum disease.
• Medical Conditions: Diseases that compromise your immune system, such as diabetes or HIV, can increase the risk of periodontal disease.

Impact of Untreated Periodontal Disease

When periodontal disease is left untreated, it can have severe consequences for your oral health and even your overall health. The most immediate risk is tooth loss, as the disease damages the supporting structures of the teeth. Over time, the infection can lead to:

• Jawbone Deterioration: As the disease progresses, it can destroy the bone that holds your teeth in place. This can lead to shifting teeth, bite problems, and ultimately tooth loss.
• Systemic Health Issues: Research has shown that periodontal disease is linked to other serious health conditions, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and respiratory issues. The inflammation caused by gum disease can contribute to these conditions, making it more important than ever to seek treatment.

Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Disease

Preventing periodontal disease starts with maintaining a good oral hygiene routine. Brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and visiting your dentist regularly for professional cleanings are essential steps in preventing gum disease. However, once periodontal disease has developed, professional treatment is necessary.

At Implant & Perio Center of Kansas, Dr. Sams and our team provide a variety of treatments to manage and treat periodontal disease, including:

• Scaling and Root Planing: This deep cleaning procedure removes plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooths the root surfaces, helping the gums reattach to the teeth.
• Periodontal Maintenance: For patients with a history of gum disease, regular periodontal maintenance cleanings are crucial to keeping the condition under control and preventing further damage.
• Surgical Treatments: In more advanced cases, surgical procedures such as pocket reduction surgery or gum grafting may be necessary to restore the health of the gums and supporting structures.

When to See a Periodontist

If you’re experiencing any signs of gum disease, it’s important to consult a periodontist like Dr. Sams at Implant & Perio Center of Kansas. As a specialist in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal disease, Dr. Sams can provide you with a personalized treatment plan to restore your oral health and prevent further damage.

The earlier you seek treatment, the better the outcome. Periodontal disease is most successfully treated in its early stages, so don’t wait for symptoms to worsen before scheduling an appointment.

Protect Your Smile: Take Action Against Periodontal Disease Today

Periodontal disease is a serious condition that can have lasting effects on both your oral and overall health. At Implant & Perio Center of Kansas, Dr. Sams and his experienced team are dedicated to providing comprehensive periodontal care to help you maintain healthy gums and a beautiful smile. If you’re noticing symptoms of gum disease or have concerns about your gum health, don’t hesitate to schedule an evaluation. Early treatment can make all the difference in preserving your smile for years to come.